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Smoking cessation · Topic

Cravings and withdrawal

What cravings and withdrawal can feel like, and why they are expected rather than a sign of failure.

Established guidance

Summarises public-health guidance from CDC and the National Cancer Institute, and clinical guidance from the bodies linked below. It describes what guidance says, not what is right for one person.

What withdrawal can feel like

Smokefree.gov lists experiences commonly reported after stopping: irritability, restlessness, difficulty concentrating, sleep changes, low mood and increased appetite.

These are described as temporary and as easing as the body adjusts. How long that takes varies between people, and some experiences linger longer than others.

Cravings behave differently from withdrawal

A craving is an urge that rises and falls rather than a steady state. Smokefree.gov describes cravings as passing and suggests responding with a change of activity, a change of place or contact with someone supportive.

Noticing that an urge has a shape — it builds, peaks and fades — is itself a coping skill, and it is one that improves with practice.

What can help

Guidance describes combining practical coping with, for many people, medication that reduces withdrawal symptoms. A clinician can discuss which options suit your health history.

If withdrawal feels unmanageable, or low mood persists or deepens, that is a reason to speak to a professional rather than to push through alone.

Guided reading

Try it yourself

Sources & next steps 3 resources

These primary public resources support this topic. Guideline documents are listed separately so a patient leaflet is never mistaken for a guideline.

Named on this page

  • Managing cravings (opens in a new tab)

    Practical ways to respond when a craving arrives.

    Smokefree.gov · National Cancer Institute · Support · Global information
    No publication date is stated by the publisher, so none is shown. · Link checked: 25 October 2026
  • Withdrawal and how to cope (opens in a new tab)

    Common withdrawal experiences and what tends to make them easier to get through.

    Smokefree.gov · National Cancer Institute · Support · Global information
    No publication date is stated by the publisher, so none is shown. · Link checked: 26 October 2026
  • Know your cravings and triggers (opens in a new tab)

    Why situations, people and routines become cues to smoke.

    Smokefree.gov · National Cancer Institute · Support · Global information
    No publication date is stated by the publisher, so none is shown. · Link checked: 26 October 2026
Related reading 1
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Recommended next steps 1
Additional sources and guidance 1

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